插入排序方法：

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// 定义一个结构体来存储每个人的信息
struct Person {
    string gender;
    float height;
};

// 自定义插入排序函数：男生身高从矮到高
void insertionSortMale(vector<Person>& males) {
    for (int i = 1; i < males.size(); i++) {
        Person key = males[i];
        int j = i - 1;
        while (j >= 0 && males[j].height > key.height) {
            males[j + 1] = males[j];
            j--;
        }
        males[j + 1] = key;
    }
}

// 自定义插入排序函数：女生身高从高到矮
void insertionSortFemale(vector<Person>& females) {
    for (int i = 1; i < females.size(); i++) {
        Person key = females[i];
        int j = i - 1;
        while (j >= 0 && females[j].height < key.height) {
            females[j + 1] = females[j];
            j--;
        }
        females[j + 1] = key;
    }
}

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;

    vector<Person> males, females;

    // 输入每个人的性别和身高，并分类存储
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        string gender;
        float height;
        cin >> gender >> height;
        if (gender == "male") {
            males.push_back({gender, height});
        } else {
            females.push_back({gender, height});
        }
    }

    // 对男生按身高从矮到高排序
    insertionSortMale(males);

    // 对女生按身高从高到矮排序
    insertionSortFemale(females);

    // 输出排好队的结果，男生在前，女生在后
    for (int i = 0; i < males.size(); i++) {
        printf("%.2f ", males[i].height);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < females.size(); i++) {
        printf("%.2f ", females[i].height);
    }

    return 0;
}

原题解：

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
struct Student {
    string name;
    double score;
};
bool cmp(Student a, Student b) { 
    return a.score < b.score; 
}

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    Student a[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        cin >> a[i].name >> a[i].score;
    sort(a, a + n, cmp);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        if (a[i].name == "male")
            printf("%.2lf ", a[i].score);
            
    for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        if (a[i].name == "female")
            printf("%.2lf ", a[i].score);
    return 0;
}